What is in a circuit board?A circuit board is a conductive substrate whose main function is to connect and support electronic components. It usually consists of a substrate material, a conductive path, and an insulating layer. In electronic devices, circut boards play a key role in transmitting signals, providing power, and processing signals, and are an indispensable core component of modern industrial equipment.
The core structure of a circuit board usually consists of the following three key layers:
Circuitry
The core component of a circuit board is its circuit level, which consists of conductive wiring and electronic components. This level is carefully laid out according to the circuit design, and its main function is to transmit electrical signals, distribute power, and fulfil the intended function of the circuit design. There are many types of electronic components, including diodes, transistors, capacitors, resistors, and integrated circuits. In addition, the circuit level may also contain other forms, such as wire layouts and surface mount resistors.
Solder Layers
The soldering layer is also an integral part of the circut board and holds the electronic components in place, connecting the wires of the circuit level to the electronic components through the soldering process. On the solder layer, the electronic components can be mounted by means of mounting, pins, double-ended pins, surface mount technology (SMT) or through-hole insertion technology (TH). The design and manufacturing process of the solder layer has a profound effect on the overall performance and reliability of the board.
Metallic Protective Layers
As an auxiliary material, the metal shielding layer mainly serves to prevent electromagnetic interference and static build-up. It is usually set on the outer surface or inner layer of the circut board to protect electronic components from mechanical damage, high temperature, humidity and other harsh environments. In addition, the metal protective layer also has the function of heat dissipation, which can effectively export the heat generated by the soldering layer.
Circuit board plays an indispensable role in electronic equipment.
Carrying and linking components:As the support substrate for electronic equipment,it carries various electronic components, such as resistors, capacitors, transistors, etc., and stabilises these components by means of soldering, plugging, etc., as well as constructing complete circuit connections using wires.
Signal and power transmission: The wires and conductive patterns on the circuit board are responsible for transmitting signals and power, ensuring effective communication and energy flow between components. A variety of circut board wiring designs can be used to achieve a wide range of circuit functions.
Component protection: Circuit boards are also responsible for protecting components against mechanical damage, dust, moisture and other unfavourable external factors. In addition, the insulating material on the surface of the board prevents short circuits between components.
Enhanced integration: The scientific arrangement of components, connecting wires and conductive patterns on circuit boards enables the joint operation of multiple components and the realisation of more complex circuit functions.At the same time,the design of the circuit board can also significantly increase the degree of integration of the circuit, thereby reducing the size and weight of the circuit.
Circuit boards the cornerstone of electronic equipment are indispensable components in the development of modern electronic equipment because of their sophisticated design and construction, which enables them to connect, support, transmit and protect electronic components.
